I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kekahi mau waiwai o ke kila a pēlā e loaʻa ai kekahi mau waiwai kūikawā i ke kaʻina hoʻoheheʻe i hoʻohui ʻia i nā mea i kapa ʻia nā mea hoʻohui.ʻO nā mea hoʻohui maʻamau he chromium, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, titanium, niobium, zirconium, cobalt, silicon, manganese, aluminika, keleawe, boron, rare earth a pēlā aku.ʻO ka Phosphorus, ka sulfur, ka nitrogen, ke pāʻani pū kekahi i ka hui ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana.

ʻO ka Vanadium a me ka carbon, ammonia, oxygen ka pilina ikaika me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka pūhui kūpaʻa kūpono.ʻO Vanadium i ke kila ma ke ʻano o ka carbide i kēia manawa.ʻO kāna hana nui ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka palaoa, e hoʻemi i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī o ke kila.Ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka hopena paʻa i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻonui i ka hardenability;akā, i ka wā i hana ʻia ai nā carbide, haʻahaʻa ka hardenability.Hoʻonui ka Vanadium i ka paʻa o ke kila paʻakikī a me ka hopena paʻakikī lua.ʻO ka maʻiʻo vanadium i loko o ke kila i loaʻa, ma waho aʻe o ke kila mea hana kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole ma mua o 0.5%.

ʻO nā kila vanadium i loko o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka ikehu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika a me ka lakene hua ma hope o ka maʻamau a me nā hiʻohiʻona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka weldability.

Ma keʻano laulā, ʻo Vanadium alloy structural steels ma muli o nā kūlana mālama wela ma ka laulā e hōʻemi i ka paʻakikī, no laila ke hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke kila kila me ka manganese, chromium, molybdenum a me tungsten, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.ʻO ka Vanadium i ke kila hoʻopau ʻia a me ke kila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ikaika o ke kila a me ka lākiō hua, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka palaoa, ka ʻike wela i koho ʻia.ʻO ke kila carburizing no ka mea hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka palaoa, hiki i ke kila ke hoʻokuʻi pololei ma hope o ka carburizing, me ka ʻole o ka paʻakikī lua.

Hiki i ke kila puna wai Vanadium a me ke kila kila ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika a me ka hopena o ka lākiō, i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka palena proportional a me ka palena elastic, e hōʻemi i ka naʻau o ka decarburization heat treatment e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili.ʻElima chrome vanadium lawe kila, carbide, kiʻekiʻe dispersion a me ka hana maikaʻi.

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka palaoa kila Vanadium, hoʻemi i ka naʻau wela, hoʻonui i ka paʻa ʻana a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana, a laila e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o ka mea hana.