Ma muli o ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka urbanization, nā mea i loko o ka mākeke mea kūkulu hale e puka mau loa. ʻOiai he mea maʻamau kēia mau mea i ko mākou ola i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe i holo maʻamau i ka mākeke mea kūkulu hale i nā paipu kila kalapona. ʻAʻole mākou e hoʻomaopopo i kona mau pono a me nā pōʻino, a hiki paha ke nānā ʻole i kona ola ʻana. Ma hope aʻe, i kēia lā e wehewehe wau iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka paipu kila kalapona? He aha nā mea maikaʻi a me nā pōʻino?

1) He aha ka mea o ka paipu kila carbon?

ʻO ke kila kalapona ka mea nui e pili ana i ke kila nona nā waiwai mechanical e pili ana i ka ʻike kalapona i loko o ke kila. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻaʻole i hoʻohui ʻia ka nui o nā mea hoʻohuihui, a i kekahi manawa ua kapa ʻia ke kila kalapona maʻamau a i ʻole ke kila kalapona. ʻO ke kila kalapona, ʻike ʻia hoʻi he kila kalapona, e pili ana i ka hao-carbon huila me ka maʻi kalapona ʻoi aku ma lalo o 2% WC. Ma waho aʻe o ke kalapona, loaʻa nā mea liʻiliʻi o ke kila kalapona, manganese, sulfur, a me ka phosphorus. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kalapona kalapona, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka plasticity.

Paipu kila kalapona (cs pipe) ua hana ʻia me nā ʻāpana kila kalapona a i ʻole ke kila poepoe paʻa ma o ka puka ʻana i loko o nā paipu capillary, a laila hana ʻia e ka ʻōwili wela, ka ʻōwili anu a i ʻole ke kaha kiʻi anu. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka paipu kila kalapona i ka ʻoihana paipu kila o koʻu ʻāina.

2) He aha nā mea maikaʻi a me nā pōʻino o nā paipu kila carbon?

Pōmaikaʻi:

1. Hiki i ka paipu kila kalapona ke loa'a ka pa'akikī ki'eki'e a 'oi aku ka maika'i o ka ho'opa'a 'ana ma hope o ka mālama wela.
2. ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka paipu kila kalapona i ka moku'āina annealed he haʻahaʻa loa, a he machinability maikaʻi kona.
3. ʻO nā mea maka o nā paipu kila carbon he mea maʻamau, maʻalahi ke loaʻa, a he haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai hana.

Poino:

1. E ilihune ka wela wela o ka paipu kila kalapona, no ka mea, ke oi aku ka wela o ka hana o ka mea hana ma mua o 200 degere, e emi loa ana kona paakiki a me kona pale.
2. He haʻahaʻa loa ka paʻakikī o ke kila kalapona. He 15-18 mm ke anawaena o ke kila paakiki loa i ka wa e pio ai ka wai, a o ke anawaena a i ole ka manoanoa o ke kila kalapona he 6 mm wale no ke kinai ole ia, no laila e maʻalahi ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka pohā.

3) He aha nā papa inoa o nā mea kila carbon?

1. Wahi a ka noi, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kila kalapona i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: ke kila hoʻolālā kalapona, ke kila kila kila a me ke kila ʻoki manuahi.
2. E like me keʻano o ka hoʻoheheʻeʻana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawaleʻia ke kila kalapona iʻekolu mauʻano: ke kila kapuahi hāmama, ke kila hoʻololi a me ke kila umu ahi.
3. Wahi a ke ʻano deoxidation, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kila kalapona i ke kila paila, ke kila pepehi ʻia, ke kila semi-kiled a me ke kila make kūikawā, i hōʻike ʻia e nā code F, Z, b, a me TZ.
4. E like me ka mea kalapona, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kila kalapona i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa, ke kila kalapona waena a me ke kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe.
5. E like me ka maʻiʻo o ka sulfur a me ka phosphorus, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ke kila kalapona i ke kila kalapona maʻamau (ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka phosphorus a me ka sulfur), ke kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe (e emi ka mea o ka phosphorus a me ka sulfur), kiʻekiʻe. -ke kila maikaʻi (loaʻa ka phosphorus a me ka sulfur haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa) a me ke kila kila kiʻekiʻe.

4) He aha nā ʻano o nā paipu kila carbon?

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā paipu hao kalapona i nā paipu ʻole, nā paipu kila humuhumu pololei, nā paipu spiral, nā paipu kila welded kiʻekiʻe, etc.

ʻO ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole i ʻōwili ʻia (extruded): puʻupuʻu pōʻai billet → hoʻomehana → hoʻopaʻa ʻia → ʻekolu ʻōwili keʻa, ʻōwili mau a extrusion paha → wehe ʻia → hoʻonui ʻia (a hōʻemi paha) → hoʻoluʻu → hoʻopololei → hoʻāʻo hydraulic (a i ʻole ʻike Flaw) → hōʻailona → waihona

ʻO ke kila kalapona i huki ʻia (ʻōwili ʻia) ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole: puʻupuʻu pōʻaiapuni → hoʻomehana → hoʻopiʻi → poʻomanaʻo → annealing → pickling → ʻaila ʻaila (ka uhi keleawe) → kaha kiʻi anu nui (ka ʻōwili anu) → paipu blank → mālama i ka wela → straightening → Hydrostatic hoʻāʻo (ʻike hewa) → Mark → Waihona

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā paipu kila kila ʻole i ʻelua mau ʻano: ʻo nā paipu kila wela (extruded) a me nā paipu kila maʻamau (rolled) ma muli o kā lākou mau kaʻina hana hana. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā paipu anu i huki ʻia (rolled) i ʻelua ʻano: nā paipu poepoe a me nā paipu ʻano kūikawā.