Nruam cam khwb cia slab los yog billet nto qhia cov pits tsis tu ncua, uas feem ntau yog lateral pits, as well as vertical pits.Kev nyuaj siab thiab ntau dua hauv austenitic stainless hlau (Cr18Ni9 hom) thiab cov pa roj carbon tsawg (carbon 0.10 txog 0.15%) ntawm cov slab nto.Kev nyuaj siab yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim nyob rau hauv lub lateral nto ntawm slab dav los yog dav lub kaum sab xis ntawm ib feem ntawm lub ntsej muag.Kev ntxhov siab hnyav tawg, tawg ntawm qhov tob tob ntawm cov hlau uas tshwm sim caws pliav, thiab txawm tias rov ua dua daim tawv nqaij.Yog vim li cas slab nto depressions tsim yog multifaceted.Txij li thaum lub sij hawm thaum ntxov ntawm solidification solidified plhaub "hnyav heev" lub zos billet vaj tse contraction tshwm sim los ntawm loj, uneven loj hlob yuav ua rau tsim ntawm phem vaj tse kev nyuaj siab;Billet steel plhaub longitudinal shrinkage thiab zoo li qub siab tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm qhov rov khoov thaum casting los tsim ib qho kev nyuaj siab sab nraud;Ling hloov tshwm sim (saib lub xwmfab thiab pob zeb diamond variations) ntawm billet nyob ze obtuse lub kaum sab xis nyob ze lub longitudinal recesses (grooves) thiab longitudinal kawg ntawm slab dav nto pits yog nyob rau hauv cov pwm tshwm sim los ntawm uneven txias txias;recessed tiam kuj muaj kev txhawj xeeb nrog cov hlau, austenitic stainless hlau thiab cov pa roj carbon tsawg hauv cov pwm plhaub loj hlob tsis sib xws yooj yim los tsim cov pits;high-performance stainless hlau thermal expansion thiab thermal conductivity tsis tshua muaj kev nyuaj siab;Mr. Tsawg Carbon solidified tam sim ntawd tom qab qhov kev hloov ntawm austenite rau hauv ferrite ntim contraction thaum loj steel cov khoom no nyiam tsim pits siab tshaj plaws.Lub caij no, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev nyuaj siab kuj cuam tshuam los ntawm kev nruam casting tej yam kev mob: Kev ua tau zoo raws li cov pwm tsis tsim nyog, cov pwm puab theem hloov pauv, kev hloov pauv hauv kev nrawm nrawm thiab lwm yam.Straightening cov menyuam nplaum nplaum hlau txawv teb chaws lub cev, ua ib ntus faib cov pits (indentations) ntawm qhov ua rau slab nto.

Cov kev daws teeb meem yog: pwm phab ntsa xyaum "slow cooling", txo qhov chaw nyob ze ntawm pwm kub flux siv, kev loj hlob tsis tu ncua thiab solidified plhaub, tuaj yeem siv pwm phab ntsa plating los yog hu ua "kub sab saum toj pwm" los txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm lub plhaub dawb paug;pwm theem fluctuation tsawg (tsawg dua 3 hli), siv qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev ua tau zoo fluxes, flux viscosity hloov nyob rau hauv raws li casting ceev, los xyuas kom meej uniform filling;lub slag txheej ntawm tsim nyog thickness, stability slag zaj duab xis tswj kom tsim nyog siab superheat thiab casting ceev;Kev siv qhov tsim nyog submerged nozzle geometries thiab tsim nyog qhov tob ntawm kev ntxig, tsis txhob ua kua vortex thiab lwm tus tau tshwm sim hauv kev pom zoo ntawm lub plhaub zoo li kev loj hlob, nrog rau kev xyuam xim rau kev ntxuav cov chais ncaj nraim, tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov pits tsim.