1. Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg tsom xam: chemical tsom xam txoj kev, instrumental tsom xam txoj kev (infrared CS ntsuas, direct nyeem spectrometer, zcP, thiab lwm yam). ① Infrared CS meter: Ntsuam xyuas ferroalloys, steelmaking raw cov ntaub ntawv, thiab C thiab S ntsiab nyob rau hauv steel. ② Direct nyeem ntawv spectrometer: C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Ni, Cn, A1, W, V, Ti, B, Nb, As, Sn, Sb, Pb, Bi hauv cov qauv ntau. ③N-0 ' meter ': Kev tsom xam cov ntsiab lus roj ntawm N thiab O.

2. Hlau yeeb nkab geometric qhov ntev thiab zoo li kev soj ntsuam:
① Hlau yeeb nkab phab ntsa thickness tshuaj xyuas: micrometer, ultrasonic thickness gauge, tsis pub tsawg tshaj 8 cov ntsiab lus ntawm ob kawg thiab kaw.
② Cov yeeb nkab steel sab nraud thiab ovality tshuaj xyuas: caliper, vernier caliper, lub nplhaib ntsuas, ntsuas qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus.
③Steel yeeb nkab ntev soj ntsuam: steel daim kab xev ntsuas, phau ntawv thiab tsis siv neeg ntev ntsuas.
④ Cov yeeb nkab steel curvature soj ntsuam: Siv tus pas ntsuas, theem (1m), ntsuas qhov ntsuas, thiab nyias hlau los ntsuas qhov curvature ib meter thiab curvature ntawm tag nrho ntev.
⑤ Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel kawg bevel kaum sab xis thiab blunt ntug: square kav thiab clamping phaj.

3. Kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel: 100%
① Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag pom: teeb pom kev zoo, qauv, kev paub, cov cim, kev sib hloov steel yeeb nkab.
② Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj: a. Ultrasonic flaw detection UT: Nws yog rhiab rau saum npoo thiab sab hauv tawg tsis xws luag ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Txheem: GB / T 5777-1996. Qib: C5 qib.
b. Eddy tam sim no flaw detection ET: (electromagnetic induction): mas rhiab heev rau point-shaped (qhov zoo li tus) defects. Txheem: GB / T 7735-2004. Qib: B qib.
c. Sib nqus particle MT thiab magnetic flux to soj ntsuam: Sib nqus soj ntsuam yog tsim rau kev kuaj xyuas qhov chaw thiab ze-nto qhov tsis xws ntawm cov khoom ferromagnetic. Txuj: GB / T 12606-1999. Qib: C4 qib
d. Electromagnetic ultrasonic flaw detection: Tsis muaj qhov nruab nrab coupling yog yuav tsum tau, thiab nws yuav siv tau rau high-temperature, high-ceev, ntxhib steel yeeb nkab nto flaw detection.
e. Kev ntsuam xyuas Penetrant: fluorescence, xim, kuaj pom qhov tsis xws luag ntawm cov kav hlau.

4. Kev tshuaj xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau: ① Tensile test: ntsuas kev ntxhov siab thiab deformation, thiab txiav txim siab lub zog (YS, TS) thiab plasticity index (A, Z) ntawm cov khoom. Longitudinal thiab transverse specimens, cov yeeb nkab seem, arc-puab thiab ncig cov qauv (￠10, ￠12.5). Me txoj kab uas hla nyias phab ntsa steel yeeb nkab, txoj kab uas hla loj tuab phab ntsa steel yeeb nkab, ruaj gauge ntev. Lus Cim: Qhov elongation ntawm cov qauv tom qab tawg yog cuam tshuam nrog qhov loj me GB / T 1760.
②Impact test: CVN, notched C-hom, V-hom, ua haujlwm J tus nqi J / cm2. Qauv qauv 10 × 10 × 55 (mm) Tsis yog qauv qauv 5 × 10 × 55 (mm)
③Hardness test: Brinell hardness HB, Rockwell hardness HRC, Vickers hardness HV, thiab lwm yam.
④Hydraulic xeem: ntsuas siab, siab stabilization lub sij hawm, p=2Sδ/D

5. Steel yeeb nkab txheej txheem kev soj ntsuam kev ua tau zoo:
① Flattening test: round specimen C-shaped specimen (S/D> 0.15) H = (1+2)S/(∝+S/D)
L = 40 ~ 100mm Deformation coefficient ib chav tsev ntev = 0.07 ~ 0.08
② Nplhaib rub kuaj: L = 15mm, tsis muaj kab nrib pleb, nws tsim nyog
③ Expansion thiab curling xeem: sab saum toj-center taper yog 30 °, 40 °, 60 °
④ Kev sim khoov: tuaj yeem hloov qhov kev sim flattening (rau cov kav dej loj)

6. Metallurgical tsom xam ntawm steel yeeb nkab:
①High-power tshuaj ntsuam xyuas (microscopic tsom xam): non-metallic inclusions 100x GB/T 10561 Grain loj: qib, qib sib txawv. Organization: M, B, S, T, P, F, AS. Decarburization txheej: sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Txoj kev ntsuas A: Chav A - sulfide, Chav B - oxide, Chav C - silicate, D - kheej kheej oxidation, Chav DS.
② Kev ntsuas qhov ntsuas qis (kev tshuaj ntsuam macroscopic): qhov muag liab qab, iav tsom iav 10x lossis tsawg dua. ib. Acid etching test method. b. Sulfur print inspection method (tube blank tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, qhia cov qauv qis thiab qhov tsis xws luag, xws li looseness, cais, subcutaneous npuas, daim tawv nqaij folds, dawb me ntsis, inclusions, thiab lwm yam. c. Ntauwd-shaped hairline tshuaj xyuas txoj kev: tshuaj xyuas cov naj npawb ntawm hairlines, Ntev, thiab kev faib tawm.