Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub kev lag luam kev ua ub no, steel qauv yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv paus ntsiab lus, thiab hom thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel xaiv yuav cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub tsev. Thaum xam qhov hnyav ntawm cov kav dej steel, cov kav dej carbon steel feem ntau yog siv. Yog li, yuav ua li cas xam qhov hnyav ntawm carbon steel yeeb nkab & tubing?

1. Carbon steel yeeb nkab & tubing hnyav xam mis:
kg/m = (Od – Wt) * Wt * 0.02466

Formula: (sab nraud txoj kab uas hla - phab ntsa thickness) × phab ntsa thickness mm × 0.02466 × ntev m

Piv txwv li: carbon steel yeeb nkab & tubing txheej txoj kab uas hla 114 hli, phab ntsa thickness 4 hli, ntev 6m
Kev suav: (114-4) × 4 × 0.02466 × 6 = 65.102kg

Vim qhov tso cai sib txawv ntawm cov hlau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, qhov ntsuas theoretical suav los ntawm cov qauv yog txawv me ntsis ntawm qhov hnyav tiag tiag, yog li nws tsuas yog siv los ua kev kwv yees. Qhov no yog ncaj qha ntsig txog qhov ntev qhov ntev, ntu ntu ntu thiab qhov siab ntev ntawm cov hlau.
2. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov hlau yog hais txog qhov hnyav tau los ntawm qhov hnyav (qhov hnyav) ntawm cov hlau, uas yog hu ua qhov hnyav tiag tiag.
Qhov hnyav tiag tiag yog qhov tseeb dua li qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas.

3. Kev suav cov qauv ntawm cov hlau hnyav

(1) Tag nrho qhov hnyav: Nws yog qhov sib luag ntawm "net hnyav", uas yog tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm cov hlau nws tus kheej thiab cov khoom ntim.
Lub tuam txhab tsheb thauj mus los suav cov khoom thauj raws li qhov hnyav tag nrho. Txawm li cas los xij, kev yuav thiab muag cov hlau yog xam los ntawm qhov hnyav.
(2) Net nyhav: Nws yog symmetry ntawm "tag nrho hnyav".
Qhov hnyav tom qab rho tawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom ntim los ntawm qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm cov hlau, uas yog, qhov hnyav tiag tiag, hu ua qhov hnyav.
Hauv kev yuav thiab muag cov khoom steel, feem ntau yog xam los ntawm qhov hnyav.
(3) Tare hnyav: qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom ntim steel, hu ua tare hnyav.
(4) Qhov hnyav hnyav: chav ntsuas qhov hnyav siv thaum xam cov nqi thauj khoom raws li qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm cov hlau.
Chav ntsuas kev cai lij choj yog tus tuj (1000kg), thiab tseem muaj tons ntev (1016.16kg hauv British system) thiab luv tons (907.18kg hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas system).
(5) Tus nqi them nqi: tseem hu ua "billing ton" lossis "freight ton".

4. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov hlau uas lub tsheb thauj mus los them tus nqi thauj khoom.

Cov kev thauj mus los sib txawv muaj cov qauv kev suav thiab cov txheej txheem sib txawv.
Xws li kev tsheb ciav hlau tsheb thauj mus los, feem ntau siv lub cim ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom raws li qhov hnyav ntawm cov nqi.
Rau kev thauj mus los, tus freight yog them raws li lub tonnage ntawm lub tsheb.

Rau qhov tsawg-tshaj-tsheb thauj khoom ntawm railways thiab txoj kev loj, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus them qhov hnyav yog raws li qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm ob peb kilograms, thiab sib npaug yog tias nws tsis txaus.