Cov teeb meem ntawm lub qhov muaj ntau heev nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem vuam, vuam cov ntaub ntawv kom qhuav, corrosion ntawm lub hauv paus hlau thiab vuam consumables, vuam txheej txheem tsis ruaj khov txaus roj thiab impurities thiab tiv thaiv cov neeg pluag yuav txawv degrees ntawm blowholes.Kev faib tawm ntawm weld porosity, lub blowholes lub hauv paus yog vim li cas yog vim qhov kub ntawm cov hlau molten los ntawm dissolving ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov roj, ib feem ntawm cov roj nyob rau hauv lub weld thaum lub crystallization lub sij hawm kom dim, tsim pores.

Raws li kev tsim cov roj av muaj pes tsawg leeg, porosity nyob rau hauv lub vuam hlau tom qab vuam yog tsuas yog hydrogen lub qhov thiab CO stomatal.Rau qis-carbon steel welding, hydrogen qhov nyob rau hauv lub weld nto nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov cross-section ntawm lub pores ntsia hlau-puab, du phab ntsa suab nrov lub qhov ncauj-zoo li tus thaum saib los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub weld.Vim qhov kub thiab txias, hydrogen solubility nyob rau hauv lub molten da dej thiab cov hlau droplet yog siab, ceev ceev solidification ntawm vuam hlau nyob rau hauv lub vuam txheej txheem, hydrogen yog lig dhau lawm, yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub vuam gas.CO tiam ntawm qhov yog feem ntau yog vim metallurgical cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsim CO roj nyob rau hauv crystallization nyob rau hauv lub weld.Stomatal faib raws cov siv lead ua orientation muaj ib tug worm zoo li tsos.Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau cov roj pores yog tsim metallurgy thiab kev ua haujlwm.Qhov cuam tshuam loj ntawm cov khoom siv hlau metallurgical cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom siv vuam hauv cov txheej txheem vuam, qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua, cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau welded ua ntej vuam qhov qub, piv txwv li, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ya raws, corrosion ntawm weld porosity. tiam.Vuam txheej txheem raws li cov txheej txheem metallurgical kom muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo tib yam metallurgical, luv luv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub sij hawm thiab kev tiv thaiv Atmosphere pluag nroog thiaj li hais tias cov weld hlau thiab lub hauv paus hlau cov ntaub ntawv, lub koom haum microscopic sib txawv tshwm sim.Cov oxidation ntawm slag stomatal rhiab heev ntawm qhov tsis kam ntawm weld muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo, kev sim qhia tau hais tias ob qho tib si acidic thiab yooj yim electrode CO stomatal nyiam nce nrog nce slag oxidation kuj.Tab sis qhov nyiam ntawm hydrogen qhov mus rau qhov tsis sib xws.Tshaj li cov CO vim yog hydrogen nyob rau hauv cov hlau qauv ntawm kev ua raws cai raws li feem ntau siv suppressed thiaj li ua tau kom muaj slag tsim nyog oxidizing hydrogen.Nws kuj yog siv nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb vuam ntau lawm xws li txoj kev.Ntxiv nrog muaj zog oxidizing acid electrode muaj pes tsawg leeg.Hydrogen tiam ntawm lub qhov tuaj yeem tiv thaiv.Cov alkaline electrode tau ntxiv fluorite, feem ntau muaj qee yam ntawm carbonate.Thaum lub sij hawm vuam txheej txheem, vuam arc cua sov nyhuv ntawm Fe203 decomposition emits O generated Fe30 Fe |0 HO cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm qhov kub siab kom rov tsim dua Fe20, thiab H, elemental Fe thiab HO FeO thiab H yog tsim los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tuaj yeem pom xeb rau kev tsim ntawm ob hom pores muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua.Kev ua haujlwm vuam ib txwm siv vuam tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim cov vuam porosity muaj qee yam cuam tshuam, tab sis kom ua raws li cov qauv tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm, vuam tam sim no, vuam voltage tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov pores nyob rau hauv qis-carbon steel vuam.

Nyob rau hauv qhov tsawg-carbon steel vuam, qhov weld fusion cheeb tsam, inclusions, yuav ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv toughness ntawm cov hlau weld, ua rau kom kub tawg thiab lamellar tearing.Kev suav nrog hauv cov vuam feem ntau yog oxides, nitrides thiab sulfides.Oxide inclusions thiab feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm silicate, silica;oxide inclusions generated mas metallurgical tshua vim lub vuam txheej txheem, qhov tseeb welding txheej txheem nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv vuam thiab xaiv qhov tsim nyog tshwm sim vim tsis raug vuam ua hauj lwm sib tov cov weld oxide inclusions yog ib tug me me ntawm.Nitride sib xyaw feem ntau N nyob rau hauv qis-carbon steel welding, Fe4N vuam hlau precipitates thaum laus, koob zoo li daim ntawv faib nyob rau hauv cov nplej los yog los ntawm grain ciam teb, ua rau poob nyob rau hauv lub toughness ntawm weld hlau.Tsawg carbon steel vuam, ib qhov chaw ntawm nitrogen rau ib puag ncig cua, piv txwv li los ntawm ib puag ncig cua nkag mus rau hauv weld puddle thaum nitrogen gas tshwm sim los ntawm inclusions thiab kev tiv thaiv tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam yog feem ntau vim yog tsim ntawm nitride inclusions.Sulfide sulfur feem ntau yog los ntawm cov khoom siv vuam, xws li vuam pas nrig txheej, flux, weld sulfide MnS thiab FeS.Weld inclusions ua rau qhov tseeb vuam ntau lawm feem ntau: kev xaiv ntawm vuam tsis raug lossis tsis tsim nyog;welding specifications tsis tsim nyog, xws li vuam tam sim no, vuam voltage tsis tsim nyog ua rau slag yog ib qho nyuaj mus nce;tack welding thiab multi-welding, lub weld tsis huv slag;vuam, lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub electrode thiab lub thauj bar tsis tsim nyog molten hlau thiab slag tov ua ke;qhov tsis zoo weld pas dej ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm, huab cua intrusion vuam tiv thaiv huab cua.

Kev ntsuas kev tiv thaiv qis-carbon steel yeeb nkab weld defects
Kev xaiv cov khoom siv vuam ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov hlau vuam, uas muaj qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov vuam tsis xws luag.Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem muaj xws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm vuam specifications, hom tam sim no thiab vuam ua haujlwm.Kev xaiv tsim nyog ntawm vuam fais fab mov rau vuam cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev tiv thaiv vuam tsis xws luag.Vuam cov cuab yeej hloov pauv sai heev, vim yog kev txhim kho sai ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob, vuam siv hluav taws xob kuj tseem muaj kev hloov pauv loj.Rau cov khoom siv qis carbon steel yeeb nkab vuam zoo tib yam, cov khoom siv vuam zoo tib yam rau kev tsim kho.Tab sis qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tshwm sim tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej.Yuav tsum npaj cov khoom siv tsim nyog tsim nyog tau tsom rau kev ntsuas txheej txheem vuam.Xws li vuam specifications, hom tam sim no, vuam ua hauj lwm, zawj thiab txheej txheej huv si yuav tsum.Vuam specifications muaj xws li vuam tam sim no, vuam voltage, vuam ceev thiab lwm yam tsis.Vuam ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau ua raws li ib txwm specification.Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm welding voltage.Lub vuam tam sim no nce yuav ua rau kom qhov tob ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm lub molten da dej;nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm welding tam sim no, vuam voltage nce yuav ua rau kom lub dav ntawm lub da dej yaj;tab sis tam sim no nce.Ua rau lub arc hloov molten hlau hais txo.Qhov sib piv ntawm thaj chaw saum npoo nce, cov roj absorbed los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov hlau molten ntau ntau nce stomatal nyiam;arc voltage tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua kom cov vuam tiv thaiv huab cua txo qis, sab nraud cua nkag tau yooj yim;welding ceev nce, kom cov crystallization ceev yog nce, tab sis kuj yooj yim ua rau cov residual gas Qhov nce yuav ua rau lub qhov nyob rau hauv lub weld hlau.Yog li ntawd, kom deb li deb tau kom tswj tau qhov kev tsim kho ib txwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tiam ntawm kev tsis xws luag.